Science and Zen

Abstract

Science, in the definition used here, is a methodical approach to gaining knowledge about our natural environment, characterized by the simultaneous application of radical openness and skepticism to opinions and prejudices. Over centuries, it has developed, through methodological safeguards against error, into a powerful tool. At the same time it limits itself to access from the outside. Zen - chosen here as an example of a spiritual tradition – uses the same stance, from inwards. In this respect the external experience of science and the inner experience of Zen or spirituality are complementary approaches that go well together. We do not, however, have common consensus about the methodology of inner experience. There are some examples in the history of science, but up to now the inner approach to knowledge has been scientifically neglected. Perhaps the first step should be done under the heading of “Culture of Consciousness”, i.e. a systematic cultivation of consciousness as a research tool. That would perhaps make science more effective and spiritual traditions more scientific.